给MySql数据库授权

数据库   2024-09-22 15:41   351   0  

1、查询数据库的所有用户及可登陆的客户端

SELECT DISTINCT CONCAT('User: ''',user,'''@''',host,''';') AS query FROM mysql.user;


————————————————

|                                                          |

|  User: 'user_one'@'%';                      |

|  User: 'user_one'@'localhost';          |

|                                                          |

————————————————

用户名@host:localhost,只可以从本机登陆,%通配符,可以从任意客户端登录


查看用户权限

show grants for 'user_one';


2、创建新用户

命令:CREATE USER 'username'@'host' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; 


说明:

username - 你将创建的用户名, 

host - 指定该用户在哪个主机上可以登陆,如果是本地用户可用localhost, 如果想让该用户可以从任意远程主机登陆,可以使用通配符%.

password - 该用户的登陆密码,密码可以为空,如果为空则该用户可以不需要密码登陆服务器. 


3、给用户授权

命令:GRANT privileges ON databasename.tablename TO 'username'@'host'  IDENTIFIED BY '123'

        flush privileges


说明: 

privileges - 用户的操作权限,如SELECT , INSERT , UPDATE 等.如果要授予所有的权限则使用ALL.;

databasename - 数据库名,

tablename-表名,如果要授予该用户对所有数据库和表的相应操作权限则可用*表示, 如*.*. 

 IDENTIFIED BY 后面加访问密码
 flush privileges 刷新权限表,即刻生效


例子: 

GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE ON `test`.* TO 'pig'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123';

GRANT SELECT, INSERT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%'; 
GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%'; 

4、撤销用户权限

命令: REVOKE privilege ON databasename.tablename FROM 'username'@'host'; 

说明: privilege, databasename, tablename - 同授权部分. 

例子: REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%'; 

注意: 假如你在给用户'pig'@'%'授权的时候是这样的(或类似的):

GRANT SELECT ON test.user TO 'pig'@'%',

 则在使用REVOKE SELECT ON *.* FROM 'pig'@'%';命令并不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的SELECT 操作.

相反,如果授权使用的是GRANT SELECT ON *.* TO 'pig'@'%';

则REVOKE SELECT ON test.user FROM 'pig'@'%';命令也不能撤销该用户对test数据库中user表的Select 权限. 

附表:在MySQL中的操作权限 

ALTERAllows use of ALTER TABLE.
ALTER ROUTINEAlters or drops stored routines.
CREATEAllows use of CREATE TABLE.
CREATE ROUTINECreates stored routines.
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLEAllows use of CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE.
CREATE USERAllows use of CREATE USERDROP USERRENAME USER, and REVOKE ALL PRIVILEGES.
CREATE VIEWAllows use of CREATE VIEW.
DELETEAllows use of DELETE.
DROPAllows use of DROP TABLE.
EXECUTEAllows the user to run stored routines.
FILEAllows use of SELECT..INTO OUTFILE and LOAD DATA INFILE.
INDEXAllows use of CREATE INDEX and DROP INDEX.
INSERTAllows use of INSERT.
LOCK TABLESAllows use of LOCK TABLES on tables for which the user also has SELECT privileges.
PROCESSAllows use of SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST.
RELOADAllows use of FLUSH.
REPLICATIONAllows the user to ask where slave or master
CLIENTservers are.
REPLICATION SLAVENeeded for replication slaves.
SELECTAllows use of SELECT.
SHOW DATABASESAllows use of SHOW DATABASES.
SHOW VIEWAllows use of SHOW CREATE VIEW.
SHUTDOWNAllows use of mysqladmin shutdown.
SUPERAllows use of CHANGE MASTERKILLPURGE MASTER LOGS, and SET GLOBAL SQL statements. Allows mysqladmin debug command. Allows one extra connection to be made if maximum connections are reached.
UPDATEAllows use of UPDATE.
USAGEAllows connection without any specific privileges.